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There are many design benefits to using Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), but there are also technical ones that any website owner or server administrator should consider. Originally, websites were mostly just text and images with no fancy boxes, menus, or other slick layout schemes. Over time people started getting more inventive and primarily relied on [...]
Question: What are user agents, and why are they important? Answer: In the context of web servers, a user agent is any network host that connects to the server. Most frequently, it is used to refer to web browsers, but it can be other things as well. Anytime a search engine spider or other robot [...]
FXP stands for File eXchange Protocol, and is a method of data transfer that allows a user to transfer files from one server to another, without going through the user’s computer or network. The Good: In essence it is the closest thing to server-to-server transfer without direct access and the ability to initiate a connection [...]
ModSecurity, a free and open source application firewall, is one of the best in the industry. Packt Publishing will soon be releasing a book about the software called ModSecurity 2.5 by Magnus Mischel. “This book is written for system administrators or anyone running an Apache web server who wants to learn how to secure that [...]
Many content management systems (CMS) like Joomla recommend users disable a PHP security feature called “register_globals”. The default setting for it is controlled by your server administrator. If you have a shared hosting account, however, you still might be able to override the default server settings. To accomplish this, create an .htaccess file (or edit [...]
Question: How do I password protect a directory on my website? Answer: Many web hosting control panels offer a “password protect” feature for your directories. If not, there is a moderately easy way to do it with an Apache .htaccess file. First, create an .htaccess file that looks like this: AuthUserFile /home/yourname/.htpasswd AuthName “Password Protected” [...]
Question: How do I change my MySQL root password on my dedicated server? Answer: If you have never set the password for MySQL, the server will allow you to connect as root without any password at all. This is obviously not secure and needs to be fixed. Consider it an important step in configuring your [...]
Question: I want to troubleshoot a PHP script. How do I run it from the command line? Answer: In order to successfully run PHP from the command line, you will need to install PHP as CGI. In many Linux distributions, there will be a package in the repository that allows you to install it rather [...]
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